Laboratory of Kidney and Electrolyte Metabolism, Division of Intramural Research, NHLBI, NIH

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DNA damage exists in mouse inner medullas in vivo under the normal condition of high NaCl and urea.

Above: Single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay of DNA damage in cells from inner medulla and cortex. Damaged DNA appears in the "tails" of the "comets."

Below: Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay of DNA breaks performed on mouse kidney sections. DNA damage (dark staining) is widespread in the inner medulla but not in cortex. The DNA damage is repaired within 2 hours after medullary osmolality is decreased by furosemide (not shown).

For details see: Cells adapted to high NaCl have many DNA breaks and impaired DNA repair both in cell culture and in vivo. Natalia I. Dmitrieva, Qi Cai, and Maurice B. Burg, PNAS 101: 2317-2322, 2004.

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